When the rider is on the road, why does it repeatedly stage the speed of life and death
Takeaway rider traffic violation investigation
Recently, #A takeaway rider in Beijing illegally overtook and caused death#rushed to the hot search. The Beijing traffic management department disclosed that a delivery worker hit a pedestrian crossing the road when he overtook a car in a section of Xicheng District, and after being sent to the hospital, the pedestrian died after ineffective rescue. At the time of the incident, the delivery man was speeding and did not drive on the right, and there were multiple faults.
In this regard, many netizens left messages saying that in life, traffic violations such as red lights, wrong-way driving, and speeding by takeaway riders have become commonplace, seriously affecting traffic order and urgently need to be rectified. Public reports show that traffic accidents and even fatalities caused by traffic violations by takeaway riders are also common.
Why do takeaway riders "play with their lives" on the road? How to solve this chaos? In this regard, the reporter conducted an investigation and interview.
□ Wen Lijuan, reporter of this newspaper
□ Intern Zheng Ting
"Riders often deliver food at a speed of life and death, and we can't stop it." Wang Li, a traffic persuader at an intersection in Beijing's Chaoyang District, said. Every day during the noon peak and evening rush hour, Wang Li can always see many takeaway riders "flashing" in front of her eyes - whether it is a red light or a green light; I have also seen many takeaway riders get into traffic accidents because of this.
Rider Guo Kun is one of the "speeding experts", he confessed to the "Rule of Law Daily" reporter: he once ran red lights twice and went against the road three times during a delivery process, and the whole speed exceeded 2 kilometers per hour many times. "Of course I know it's not safe, but if I don't, I can't deliver it on time." If the delivery is overtimed, more money will be deducted than it should have earned. He said, "As a rider, which one didn't run a red light and which didn't exceed the speed?" ”
With the development of the Internet ordering industry, takeaway food delivery is becoming more and more convenient for people's lives, but at the same time, the pursuit of speed has led riders to ignore traffic laws, and the accident rate has become high. The reporter recently visited a number of intersections in Beijing and found that takeaway riders ran red lights, drove in the opposite direction, speeded and other traffic violations were prominent, and some riders also had distracted driving behaviors such as looking at mobile phones and answering phone calls during driving.
Riders ignore red lights at intersections
Speeding in the wrong direction is extremely common
At 7 p.m. on July 17, the peak time for takeaway riders to deliver food. At an intersection in Chaoyang District, Beijing, which connects shopping malls with many office and residential buildings, reporters observed that more than 6 riders passed by the intersection within 30 minutes, including as many as 70 people driving in the wrong direction, diagonally crossing the road, and running red lights.
The intersection is surrounded by many restaurants and dozens of takeaway electric vehicles filling the sidewalk, and pedestrians can only walk along the side of the road. After picking up their meals, riders ride electric vehicles directly along the sidewalk into the road.
I saw that several riders looked down to the left and saw that the car was still some distance from themselves, so they drove onto the sidewalk and rushed to the opposite side of the road, completely ignoring the warning of the red light; When they arrived in the middle of the road, because there were many vehicles on the right and the speed was faster, the riders stopped, some took out their mobile phones and looked down to check the information, some lay on the head of the electric car and waited, and some were always observing the road conditions, and once there was a "gap", they immediately increased their horsepower to "sprint" over.
Guo Kun often delivers food in this area, with a delivery radius of up to 5 kilometers, and the delivery time of an order varies from 30 minutes to 60 minutes. He told reporters that a rider may have six or seven orders on hand at the same time during the peak period of food delivery, and the delivery time almost overlaps, and if you want not to overtime, you can only try to compress the delivery time of each order. The system will provide route navigation for each order, but the delivery time is calculated based on the shortest route, and some of the shortest routes even include the wrong way. If you don't go against the road and don't overspeed, it's impossible to deliver every order on time.
Once the delivery time out, it is expensive: depending on the length of the timeout, a percentage of the delivery fee is deducted, sometimes up to 70%. "Everyone is making hard money, and they have to be fast." Guo Kun said.
Zhang Yi, who works as a security guard in Beijing, works as a part-time rider during his holidays. "I definitely want to send a few more orders and make more money." He said that the maximum speed of the national standard electric vehicle is only 25 yards, normal at most can only take 2 to 3 orders at a time, if you want to send a few more orders, the speed is faster, you have to take risks to modify the electric vehicle, in order not to time out, you must always keep an eye on the time during the delivery process, running red lights and retrograde is inevitable.
Especially on rainy days when it is most prone to "burst orders", riders often have to hurry while reassuring anxious customers. Once caught up with a rainstorm, the customer placed an order for about 1 hour, Zhang Yi received this order, after receiving the order, the customer immediately called him, urging why the order had not been delivered for 1 hour. In fact, rider delivery time is calculated from the time the order is received.
"The road is not easy to walk on rainy days, the speed of the car exceeds 20 yards, the brakes are easy to slip, fall, and the rain affects the line of sight, so the delivery time will be longer than on sunny days." Zhang Yi said.
Luo Yu, a part-time rider from Guangzhou, Guangdong, faced the same dilemma. He only runs three or four hours a day, focusing on lunch and dinner, and completes an average of more than a dozen orders a day, both systematically dispatched and grabbed by himself. Although there is a timeout risk of receiving more orders, Luo Yu still hopes to be able to receive more, because receiving more orders means making money. And when there are more lists in hand, running red lights and retrograde has become commonplace for him.
The number of traffic accidents is on the rise
The rights and interests of both parties are difficult to protect
Riders speeding, going against the road, and running red lights, resulting in an increasing number of traffic accidents.
According to the staff of the Changsha Traffic Accident Handling Center in Hunan Province, a large part of traffic accidents involve takeaway riders, most of which are running red lights and driving in the opposite direction, especially when riding, the phenomenon of looking at mobile phones is more common. In recent years, the accident rate of takeaway riders has been on the rise.
Wang Li has seen many riders get into accidents due to rampages while on duty, "especially at intersections, where the traffic accident rate is high."
On the evening of August 8, the sky was raining, and the reporter witnessed a traffic accident in a small area of Chaoyang District, Beijing: a takeaway rider wearing a raincoat and a rain hat half-covered his eyes, riding while answering the phone, completely ignoring the passers-by walking in front of him, and when he reacted, he turned sharply, the electric car slipped directly, and the takeaway in the incubator fell to the ground.
And for riders, compensation is often difficult to achieve once there is an accident.
Liu Lin, a rider in Beijing, was once hit by a car while delivering food, leaving a 5-centimeter-long scar on the outside of his arm. "The driver had insurance, and the insurance company asked me to provide proof of income to calculate lost time pay. My monthly income at that time was about 1,<> yuan, but when I found the platform to open an income certificate, the platform said that it had nothing to do with them, and finally the insurance company paid according to the minimum wage standard. ”
Those whose rights and interests cannot be protected are also passers-by who have been hit and injured by takeaway riders.
Beijing photographer Wang Pingping was once hit and injured by a delivery rider while working. After the accident, the traffic police determined that the rider bore full responsibility for the accident, but the rider could not afford it personally, so he looked for a platform company, but the other party left the responsibility intact, "in order to avoid injury, in the future, you can only try to stay away from the 'galloping' takeaway rider."
A variety of factors contribute to chaos
The platform algorithm needs to be improved
The reason for "playing with life" for speed, many interviewed riders mentioned that on the one hand, they are in order to receive more orders and make more money, on the other hand, it is for platform performance appraisal and to avoid overtime punishment.
The reporter learned that at present, most takeaway platforms implement piecework wages, and riders' income mainly comes from the "running order volume" commission, and the more orders received, the more they earn. In addition, the status level of the rider depends on the rider's "bee value", and the "bee value" is calculated by multiple dimensions such as attendance, order volume, response rate, and praise rate. Riders are desperately running for single insurance data and competing for "bee value" because it is closely related to income.
Wu Jie is the webmaster of the Shandong Tai'an site of a takeaway platform outsourcing delivery company. He told reporters that the takeaway platform is usually only responsible for merchant settlement and merchant order generation, and the delivery service is outsourced to each distribution company, and then the local station under each delivery company provides delivery services.
"The reward and punishment systems of different distribution companies are basically similar, but the calculation rules are different. For example, the average unit price in Shandong is 4 yuan, on the basis of which the reward and punishment system is more relaxed, and the average unit price in Beijing is 6 yuan to 8 yuan, and the reward and punishment system is more stringent. The most important thing in the performance appraisal of riders is the on-time rate, satisfaction rate, violation rate, and attendance rate. Wu Jie said.
Regarding rider rewards, Wu Jie introduced that full-time riders mainly include full attendance awards, single king awards (the top three orders on this site in the month), total order wages, order ladder awards, bad weather subsidies, distance subsidies, weight subsidies, night subsidies, etc.; Part-time riders mainly have order fees, various platform activity rewards such as "old with new" and "punch single awards", other subsidies mainly depend on the willingness of the merchant, if an order does not have a rider for a long time, the merchant will increase the unit price.
The reporter learned from Wu Jie that for full-time riders, each order has a fixed delivery fee of 4 yuan, such as a subsidy of 1 yuan for 1 kilometer beyond the delivery range, and a subsidy of 1.5 yuan for two kilometers beyond the delivery range. If the time is serious (meaning that the order delivery time is exceeded by more than 30 minutes), a fine of 5 yuan will be imposed per order. For part-time riders, 3% of the delivery fee will be deducted for 20 minutes overtime, and 3% will be deducted for more than 50 minutes.
"Regarding complaints and bad reviews, full-time riders who encounter such situations will either negotiate with the customer or accept fines." Wu Jie said, "Part-time riders deduct personal reputation points according to the situation, and when the credit score is insufficient, they are prohibited from taking orders, and online training is required to restore the permission to accept orders, and in more serious cases, they are permanently banned." ”
Some riders also pointed out that the platform's distance algorithm has many unreasonable places, such as the delivery time is calculated according to the distance, and will not be judged and measured according to the speed of the merchant's meal, the large meal is small, and whether there are special circumstances on the road.
Zhang Yi is most afraid of delivering takeaway to the community or high-end community under renovation, this kind of order is the most likely to time out, the vehicle can not enter can only be sent on foot, after entering the community found that there is no building number or unit number, can only keep inquiring and calling to ask customers. Once, because he couldn't find the address and couldn't contact the customer, it took an extra 20 minutes to deliver this order, and there was not much time left for the next order.
Dong Laichao, a traffic law practice expert and the chief lawyer of Beijing Kaiya Law Firm, has long been concerned about the rights and interests of takeaway riders, and he summarized the reasons for the frequent traffic violations of riders, in addition to the riders' own lack of awareness of traffic rules and lack of safety education, the platform dispatch mode and algorithm are important reasons.
"Some platforms have unreasonable dispatch models and high deduction fees. The monthly income of takeaway riders basically depends on the delivery fee commission, if you get a delivery fee of about 5 yuan according to an order, then if you send 30 orders a day, the rider can earn 150 yuan; However, if the time is overtime, the rider is usually deducted a certain percentage of the delivery fee; If the customer goes back, the rider is more responsible for the entire loss. Dong Laichao said that in addition, some platforms have a single algorithm, and the estimated arrival time is too short, and riders can only run hard.
"In order to appease users, some platforms even show different rider arrival time on the user's mobile phone and the arrival time displayed on the rider's mobile phone, and the time on the user's mobile phone is often 1 minute to 2 minutes earlier, which leads to the rider having to run on the road in order not to get a bad review." In addition, Dong Laichao said, some merchants that provide takeaway are slow to deliver meals, and have already clicked "meal complete" before the meal is delivered, resulting in longer waiting times for riders and squeezed time on the road.
Linkage supervision and governance chaos
It is urgent to take up a post with a certificate
In April this year, the State Administration for Market Regulation, the Cyberspace Administration of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, etc. jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Responsibilities of Online Catering Platforms to Effectively Protect the Rights and Interests of Takeaway Delivery Workers", which proposed that platforms should not use the "strictest algorithm" as an assessment requirement, and could reasonably determine the number of orders, punctual rate, online rate and other assessment elements through methods such as "algorithm neutralization", and appropriately relax the delivery time limit. Online catering platforms and third-party cooperative units should participate in social insurance for takeaway delivery workers who establish labor relations in accordance with law, and encourage other takeaway delivery workers to participate in social insurance.
The reporter observed a takeaway platform and found that its pilot changed the "estimated delivery time" to "estimated delivery time period", and set up "punctual treasure" to guarantee the delivery time of the order, if the rider does not deliver within the time period, the platform will pay the corresponding amount according to the time exceeded. However, on the order receiving page on the rider's side, it still shows how many minutes it is required to be delivered, with a strict time limit. However, riders can extend the delivery time by reporting that the merchant is slow to eat, which starts after receiving the order.
There is an imminent tension between balancing the "slowdown" and "income" of delivery riders.
A number of interviewed experts and industry insiders pointed out that the control of traffic violations of takeaway riders is inseparable from linkage supervision, one is the supervision of the platform, and the other is the supervision of riders.
Dong Laichao suggested that the platform adjust the assessment rules and optimize the algorithm. At present, many takeaway platforms have not established a complete set of mechanisms to encourage takeaway riders to reduce traffic violations, such as rewarding takeaway riders who do not have traffic violations; Big data intelligent analysis can be leveraged to set standards to remove time spent in traffic jams from rider assessments, while ignoring unreasonable bad reviews.
"In addition, the legal relationship between the platform and the rider also needs to be clarified. At present, the management body between riders and platform companies is not clear, and there are complex social management models, such as special delivery model, labor dispatch model, crowdsourcing model, individual model, agency model, etc., resulting in lax management. Therefore, it is necessary to improve legislation to clarify the management subject, and when the rights and interests of riders or platform companies are damaged, they can obtain social remedies with reason and evidence. Dong Laichao said.
In his opinion, it is urgent to set up a strict takeaway rider industry access system, and it is recommended to let riders take up their jobs. For example, determine a social management entity to train riders, hold a certificate to work after the training, and evaluate the riders every year, if the traffic violations reach a certain number of times, the following year can not pass the annual review, through the source management to form effective supervision.
Liu Wei, a partner at Beijing Shengchi Law Firm, also proposed that the platform should try to achieve a balance between the economic benefits, rider income and security of the enterprise through measures such as optimizing algorithm design.
"How does the platform deal with customer dissatisfaction and complaints? Whether to simply punish the rider or solve it through other means requires more thinking, and try to meet the customer's requirements while avoiding excessive pressure on the rider, and prevent the situation where the rider desperately accelerates the delivery of orders regardless of safety. Liu Wei said. He also suggested that relevant departments can urge the platform to establish and improve channels and procedures for reflecting the demands of takeaway riders through irregular inspections, such as simplifying procedures and shortening the process, and handing over the relevant demands of takeaway riders to the first responsible person, giving feedback in a timely manner, and the feedback time should be controlled within 24 hours as much as possible in order to resolve conflicts in time. (The parties in the article are pseudonyms) (Rule of Law Daily)